| 2007 Experimental Biology Meeting |
| A socializer for regular and emeritus members is scheduled for the AACBNC at EB 2007 in Washington, DC on Saturday April 28th. The socializer will be held from 5:30-7:00pm at the Renaissance Hotel. Members are encouraged to bring their spouse or a guest. The dates of EB 2007 are Saturday, April 28th - Tuesday, May 2nd 2007. Further details regarding the meeting can be found at www.anatomy.org/Meetings/meeting_highlights_07.htm |
| KEYNOTE SPEAKER for the American Association of Anatomists at EB 2007 Supported by JEOL USA, Inc. through the AACBNC Darwin Prockop, M.D., Ph.D. (Tulane University) Director of Gene Therapy Center, Professor of Biochemistry Sunday, April 29, 6:15-7:15 PM, Room 156 Adult Stem/Progenitor Cells that Repair Tissues: Characterization and Potential Therapeutic Uses |
Recent publications have demonstrated that most tissues contain
stem-like progenitor cells that play a key role in the repair of tissue
injury. When the endogenous stem/progenitor cells in a tissue are
exhausted, they are supplemented by similar stem/progenitor cells
from the bone marrow. A major focus has been on the
stem/progenitor cells from bone marrow referred to as
mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs
and similar cells from other tissues have been shown to repair
tissues by differentiating so as to replace injured cells, by producing
chemokines, and in part by cell fusion. However, there has been no
obvious explanation for repeated observations that MSCs enhance
repair of tissues in experimental models in which their level of
engraftment is extremely low. We have recently found that MSCs can
repair injured cells and tissues by two additional mechanisms:
Stimulation of the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells that
are endogenous to a tissue and by transfer of mitochondria or
mitochondrial DNA to cells with nonfunctional mitochondria. Human
MSCs infused into the hippocampus of immunodeficient mice
stimulated proliferation of and neurogenesis by endogenous neural
stem cells (Munoz et al., PNAS, 2005). Co-culture of human MSCs
with a line of pulmonary epithelial cells with non-functional
mitochondria generated clones of the epithelial cells with functional
mitochondria as a result of active transfer of either mitochondria or
mitochondrial DNA from the MSCs (Spees, Olson, et al., PNAS, 2006).
More recently we observed (Lee et al., PNAS in press) that
intravenously infused human MSCs lowered the blood sugar,
increased mouse insulin and decreased morphological changes in
the renal glomeruli of streptozocin-treated diabetic mice (NOD/SCID).
The human MSCs engrafted into the pancreas and increased both
the number of islets and the immunoreactive mouse insulin per islet.
The human MSCs also engrafted into the kidney but it was not
apparent whether the decrease in renal pathology was explained by
direct action of the cells or by the decrease in blood sugar. Therefore
there are now multiple strategies for developing new therapies for a
broad range of diseases by enhancing one or more of the multiple
mechanisms whereby MSCs normally repair tissues. Supported in
part by grants from NIH grants AR48323, HL 073755, HL075161, and
HL073252; HCA the Healthcare Company, and the Louisiana Gene
Therapy Research Consortium.
stem-like progenitor cells that play a key role in the repair of tissue
injury. When the endogenous stem/progenitor cells in a tissue are
exhausted, they are supplemented by similar stem/progenitor cells
from the bone marrow. A major focus has been on the
stem/progenitor cells from bone marrow referred to as
mesenchymal stem cells or multipotent stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs
and similar cells from other tissues have been shown to repair
tissues by differentiating so as to replace injured cells, by producing
chemokines, and in part by cell fusion. However, there has been no
obvious explanation for repeated observations that MSCs enhance
repair of tissues in experimental models in which their level of
engraftment is extremely low. We have recently found that MSCs can
repair injured cells and tissues by two additional mechanisms:
Stimulation of the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells that
are endogenous to a tissue and by transfer of mitochondria or
mitochondrial DNA to cells with nonfunctional mitochondria. Human
MSCs infused into the hippocampus of immunodeficient mice
stimulated proliferation of and neurogenesis by endogenous neural
stem cells (Munoz et al., PNAS, 2005). Co-culture of human MSCs
with a line of pulmonary epithelial cells with non-functional
mitochondria generated clones of the epithelial cells with functional
mitochondria as a result of active transfer of either mitochondria or
mitochondrial DNA from the MSCs (Spees, Olson, et al., PNAS, 2006).
More recently we observed (Lee et al., PNAS in press) that
intravenously infused human MSCs lowered the blood sugar,
increased mouse insulin and decreased morphological changes in
the renal glomeruli of streptozocin-treated diabetic mice (NOD/SCID).
The human MSCs engrafted into the pancreas and increased both
the number of islets and the immunoreactive mouse insulin per islet.
The human MSCs also engrafted into the kidney but it was not
apparent whether the decrease in renal pathology was explained by
direct action of the cells or by the decrease in blood sugar. Therefore
there are now multiple strategies for developing new therapies for a
broad range of diseases by enhancing one or more of the multiple
mechanisms whereby MSCs normally repair tissues. Supported in
part by grants from NIH grants AR48323, HL 073755, HL075161, and
HL073252; HCA the Healthcare Company, and the Louisiana Gene
Therapy Research Consortium.
Olfactory Neurobiology: From Molecules To Networks Monday, April 30, 10:30 AM - 12:30 PM, Room 156 Co-sponsored by the Association of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Chairpersons Chair: Michael Shipley (Univ. of Maryland) Matthew Wachowiak (Boston Univ.) The Role of Sniffing in Shaping the Primary Receptor Code for Odors Matthew Ennis (Univ. of Tennessee) Glomeruli: Dynamic Portal into the Olfactory Brain Ben Strowbridge (Case Western Reserve Univ.) The Role of the Olfactory Bulb in Processing Sensory Information Christiane Linster (Cornell Univ.) Early Olfactory Computations and Perception |
AACBNC
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| Socializer of the AACBNC at Experimental Biology 2007 |
Odorant molecules are transduced by olfactory receptor neurons
(ORNs) in the nose. ORNs express a single odorant receptor (OR)
from a total of ~1000 ORs. ORNs with the same OR project a few
fixed glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. The glomeruli, thus, comprise a
spatial map that reflects the moment-to-moment activity of ORNs.
The brain ‘computes’ the identity, concentration, and location of
odors from these patterns of glomerular activity. This symposium
presents new research elucidating the neural machinery of the
olfactory bulb, the initial network in this computation.
(ORNs) in the nose. ORNs express a single odorant receptor (OR)
from a total of ~1000 ORs. ORNs with the same OR project a few
fixed glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. The glomeruli, thus, comprise a
spatial map that reflects the moment-to-moment activity of ORNs.
The brain ‘computes’ the identity, concentration, and location of
odors from these patterns of glomerular activity. This symposium
presents new research elucidating the neural machinery of the
olfactory bulb, the initial network in this computation.